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Jaguar Cars is a British based subsidiary of the American Ford Motor Company famous for luxury saloon and sports cars.

Because Jaguar occupies both the performance and luxury markets, its competition is particularly diverse. It includes BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Cadillac, Lexus, Infiniti, as well as Lincoln, another Ford subsidiary.

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History
Founded as the Swallow Sidecar Company in 1922, by two motorcycle enthusiasts, William Lyons and William Walmsley, it was renamed Jaguar Cars after World War II because of the unfavorable connotations of the initials, SS. The company is now owned by the Ford Motor Company. Jaguar is known for its luxury saloons and sports cars, market segments it has been in since the 1930s. The name is pronounced /ˈdʒægjuːə/ in the UK, /ˈdʒægˌwɑɹ/ in the USA.

Jaguar merged with the British Motor Corporation (the Austin-Morris combine) to form British Motor Holdings in 1966. After merger with Leyland and Rover, the resultant company then became British Leyland Motor Corporation in 1968.

Financial difficulties and the publication of the Ryder Report led to effective nationalisation in 1975 and it became British Leyland Ltd known just as BL.

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In 1984, Jaguar was floated off as a separate company on the stock market - one of the Thatcher government’s many privatizations - with the rest as the Austin Rover group. Then it was taken over by Ford in 1989-1990. In 1999 it was made part of Ford’s new Premier Automotive Group along with Aston Martin, Volvo Cars and Lincoln. Land Rover was added to the group in 2001 following its purchase from BMW.

The company was originally located in Blackpool but relocated to Coventry to be at the heart of the British motor industry. Today, Jaguars are assembled at Castle Bromwich in Birmingham and Halewood in Liverpool. The historic Browns Lane plant closed in 2005 leaving aluminium vehicle production at Castle Bromwich and steel at Halewood.

Jaguar owns the Daimler car company (not to be confused with Daimler-Benz), which it bought in 1960 from the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA). Since then Daimler has been little more than a brand name for Jaguar’s most luxurious saloons.

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Historical Models

1950 Jaguar XK120 from the Ralph Lauren collectionWikimedia Commons has media related to:
Jaguar (car)Although the post WW II market had seen Mark IV and Mark V sales as satisfactory, their appearance was essentially unchanged from pre-War models.

Introducing the large Mark VII Sedan in 1951, a car especially conceived for the American Market, Jaguar cars soon found itself overwhelmed with orders. The Mark VII and its successors gathered rave reviews from magazines such as Road and Track and Motor.

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Most Important Models

A 1963 E-Type Roadster on display in IndianapolisSport cars:

SS100 (1935-1941)
XK120 (1948-1954)
XK140 (1954-1957)
XK150 (1957-1960)
XKE (E-Type) (1961-1975)
XJ-S/XJS (1975-1996)
XK8 (1996-present)
Large Saloons

Mark IV (1945-1949)
Mark V (1949-1951)
Mark VII(M) (1951-1957)
Mark VIII (1957-1959)
Mark IX (1958-1961)
Mark X (1961-1966)
Small Saloons

Mark 1 (1955-1959)
Mark 2 (1959-1966)
Jaguar has designed in-house four generations of engines.

Historical engines:
Jaguar XK6 engine - inline-6
Jaguar V12 engine - V12
Jaguar AJ6 engine - inline-6
Current engines:
Jaguar AJ-V8 engine - V8
Jaguar AJ-V6 engine - V6

Current Models
The current Jaguar lineup includes the following models:

X-Type - mid-size saloon
S-Type - luxury saloon
XJ6/XJ8/XJR - full-size saloon
XK8/XKR - sports car/convertible

Sports car racing
The company has had major success in sports car racing, particularly in the Le Mans 24 Hours. Victories came in 1951 and 1953 with the C-Type, then in 1955, 1956 and 1957 with the D-Type. The famous race was then left for many years, until in the mid-1980s Tom Walkinshaw’s TWR team started designing and preparing Jaguar V12-engined sports prototypes for European sports car races. The team started winning regularly from 1987, and with increased factory backing the team won Le Mans in 1988 and 1990. Jaguar Sport:

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Jaguar C-Type (1951-1953)
Jaguar D-Type (1954-1957)
Jaguar Lightweight E-Type
XJ220 (1988)
XJR-15 (1990)
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Jaguars in fiction and the media
British Prime-Minister Tony Blair is driven in a bottle-green Jaguar XJ8.

The character, Arthur Daley, in the British television series Minder was generally to be seen driving a Jaguar XJ6.

Inspector Morse, in the British television series of that name, drove a Jaguar Mark 2.

Harold, of Harold and Maude, had a Jaguar E-Type hearse.

A silver Jaguar E-type is featured in the film 52 Pick-Up.

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Austin Powers drove a Jaguar E-Type, calling it a Shaguar.

In the 1968 movie “Danger: Diabolik”, Diabolik drove a black Jaguar E-Type. His love interest, Eva, drove a white one.

The made-for-cable 1989 film The Heist (shown on HBO) featured two dark green Jaguar XJS coupes - it was used during a bait and switch scene where contraband was hidden in the trunk panel.

Sting drove a Jaguar in the music video for his song ‘Desert Rose’, because of this, the song has been used in lots of past Jaguar commercials. While Jaguar doesn’t use the song anymore, the song is still associated with Jaguar.

In the 1985-89 CBS-TV series “The Equalizer”, Robert McCall (Edward Woodward) drove a 1985 black XJ6 Jaguar sedan with license plate 5809-AUG.

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